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Influenza Presentation in Adults, 1994-1998*
Symptom(s) Influenza Infection Positive Predictive Value* (%)

Present (n=2740) (%) Absent (n=1274) (%)
Cough 93 80 69
Fever (>= 37.8°C) 68 40 77
Cough and fever 64 33 79
Nasal congestion 91 81

* During documented community outbreak, no differences for weakness (94%), myalgia (94%), sore throat (84%), nausea (86% to 92%), or headache (89% to 91%).


Reprinted with permission from 76.