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Frequently Asked Questions
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| Prevention |
| When should a woman with diabetes who is contemplating pregnancy change from oral agents to insulin? |
| Can gestational diabetes be prevented? |
| What pre-conception planning steps should I take in the diabetic woman who desires pregnancy? |
| What medication changes should I make in my diabetic patients before pregnancy? |
| Diagnosis |
| What is gestational diabetes mellitus and how is it diagnosed? |
| What history and exam elements are important in diagnosing the comorbidities of a patient with diabetes before pregnancy? |
| How can I determine diabetic control in the pregnant patient? |
| Consultation for Diagnosis |
| What is the role of the ophthalmologist in the woman with pregestational diabetes? |
| When should a nephrologist be consulted in a woman with pregestational diabetes and proteinuria? |
| Does the cardiologist play a role in the care of a woman with pregestational diabetes and chest pain? |
| When should I consult someone to assist with the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus? |
| How should I handle the diabetic patient contemplating pregnancy who has a neuropathy? |
| Hospitalization |
| Which patients with diabetes during pregnancy should be hospitalized for diabetic control? |
| What are the goals of hospitalization? |
| How is ketoacidosis treated in the diabetic pregnant patient? |
| Non-drug Therapy |
| Is there a role for reduced caloric diets in the pregnant, diabetic patient? |
| How do I prescribe exercise to pregnant diabetic patients? |
| Should carbohydrate intake be restricted during diabetic pregnancies? |
| How often should women with diabetic pregnancies monitor their blood glucoses? |
| Drug Therapy |
| When do I change from diet therapy to insulin in the woman with gestational diabetes? |
| Which insulin should I use in diabetic pregnancies? |
| Is there a role for oral hypoglycemics in pregnancy? |
| Which drugs commonly used in diabetes are dangerous in pregnancy? |
| Patient Education |
| What elements of patient education are important in the treatment of the diabetic pregnancy? |
| What patient education should be completed before conception? |
| What blood glucose parameters should I give the pregnant diabetic patient? |
| How is nutrition and exercise counseling best accomplished in the diabetic pregnant patient? |
| Consultation for Management |
| When should I refer my patient with diabetes who is contemplating pregnancy to a maternal-fetal medicine specialist? |
| What is the internist's role in the management of the pregnant diabetic patient? |
| When should I refer a pregnant diabetic patient to an endocrinologist? |
| What other nonphysician consultants should I refer a diabetic pregnant patient to? |
| Follow-up |
| What are the glucose goals in the pregnant, diabetic patient, and how should they be determined? |
| How soon after delivery can I restart oral hypoglycemics in a woman with pregestational diabetes? |
| What nutritional advice should I give my patient with a diabetic pregnancy after delivery? |
| How should I follow the woman with gestational diabetes to prevent and screen for the development of type 2 diabetes? |
| What role does breastfeeding play in the postpartum treatment of diabetes mellitus? |
| How and when do I classify or reclassify diabetes in the postpartum period? |
Diabetes in Pregnancy
