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Recommendation
| Know that nearly all minority groups in the U.S. have an increased risk of type 2 diabetes.
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Evidence:
- The prevalence of diabetes among First Nations is approximately 2.2 times that for non-Hispanic whites, and an estimated 12.8% of Native Americans on reserves or settlements has diabetes (10; 11).
- The prevalence of impaired fasting glucose in the U.S. is 30.1% among Mexican-American populations and 16.8% among non-Hispanic blacks when compared to non-Hispanic whites. Diabetes risk is also increased among those of Asian and Pacific Islander origin, who are twice as likely to have diabetes compared to non-Hispanic whites (8).
- The increased prevalence of diabetes in minority groups is likely due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. For example, in all U.S. minority groups for which data exist, the prevalence of diabetes is higher than residents in their countries of origin. Environmental factors such as “western” dietary changes, decreased activity, obesity, and lower socioeconomic status have all been shown to partly account for the higher diabetes rates among minority groups (11).
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Comments:
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| Denice S. Feig, MD, MSc, FRCPC has no financial relationships with pharmaceutical companies, biomedical device manufacturers, or health-care related organizations. Lorraine Lipscombe, MD, FRCPC has no financial relationships with pharmaceutical companies, biomedical device manufacturers, or health-care related organizations. Sonal Singh, MD, editorial consultant, has no financial relationships with pharmaceutical companies, biomedical device manufacturers, or health-care related organizations.
Steven E. Weinberger, MD, FACP, Acting Editor, PIER, has stock holdings in Glaxosmithkline and Abbott. |
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Screening for Type 2 Diabetes
> Population at Risk
